Dr. Hamed Vafaei stated in an interview with the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations website that Chinese President Xi Jinping has long proposed initiatives that the Islamic Republic of Iran can consider to define joint strategies to join these initiatives. These initiatives focus on the three axes of the global security initiative, global development, and global civilization. Among these initiatives, the “global security” initiative covers foreign policy issues and international interactions in various regions.
He continued: A decade ago, the Chinese changed their priority in global security; while they were previously focused on their peripheral environment, in the past ten years, they have added and promoted the West Asian region to their peripheral environment. This is an issue that the Chinese are working on and it is natural for them to define operational steps to achieve their goals.
In the first step, they pursued mediation between Iran and Saudi Arabia and consulted with both countries, and the dispute between the two countries was resolved. In the second case, China invited various Palestinian groups and held talks in Beijing. A statement was issued under the title of the Beijing Statement, and understandings were reached. The third case is the Iranian nuclear issue. In any case, China has been involved in the nuclear issue and the JCPOA agreement in the past. The recent trilateral talks in Beijing are in the form of a package of practical measures by China under the Global Security Initiative. It seems that these talks will continue in the future.
Referring to the five initiatives of Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi regarding the Iranian nuclear issue, he stated: “First, Wang Yi’s new position must be considered. In addition to being the Chinese Foreign Minister for a long time, he is also a member of the Central Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China and is also considered a sovereign figure. Therefore, he is a senior member of the Communist Party of China, and his perspective should also be considered from this perspective.”
He continued by explaining the five initiatives of the Chinese Foreign Minister. He said: “The first axis is to resolve the Iranian nuclear dispute through political and diplomatic means and oppose military pressure and illegal sanctions, and this is a position that China has had and has continued to hold since the beginning of the JCPOA. China has always considered itself the guardian of the global order and accepts the UN frameworks. Therefore, it does not agree to illegal sanctions against Iran. This is why it will never reduce its economic interactions with Iran to zero.” Of course, during the era of Mr. Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, who found some of Iran’s positions on the international stage strange, he did not support Iran and, therefore, voted for Iran’s sanctions resolutions in the UN Security Council. However, during this period and the nuclear political negotiations, he supported our country’s position because Iran followed an international approach based on international concepts and laws. He said: The second axis is the discussion of the balance of rights and benefits of countries from membership in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. The Chinese emphasize that the goals of the non-proliferation regime must be balanced; that is, they do not agree that Iran accepts the non-proliferation regime and allows inspections but has no advantage in the nuclear issue. The third axis of Wang Yi’s five initiatives is adherence to a step-by-step and reciprocal process and striving for consensus through continued consultations, which has also been among the Chinese positions from the past to the present, which they have mentioned in different periods. It is evident that the United States and Iran can move step by step towards a form of cooperation, and China has considered this approach.
This expert on China issues continued by considering the other two axes of the Chinese Foreign Minister’s attention as new and novel in their own way and stated: The fourth axis of the Chinese Foreign Minister’s view emphasizes that the current framework of the JCPOA is no longer operational and efficient, and accordingly, a common position and a new basis must be reached in the Iranian nuclear issue, of course, based on the JCPOA agreement. That is, while he says that the JCPOA is no longer efficient, he is trying to achieve a new framework based on the JCPOA, and this position is significant. The fifth axis is the discussion of promoting cooperation through dialogue and opposing the Security Council’s forced entry into the nuclear issue.
Regarding the expiration of Resolution 2231 by October 2025, Yi said: “The United States once tried to activate the trigger mechanism, but because it had withdrawn from the JCPOA, it could not succeed in this effort. However, with the movements of the Director General of the Agency and the Agency’s reports, it is trying to activate the trigger mechanism if possible, relying on the support of the Europeans. China has announced that if the United States wants to activate another process against Iran through the Security Council, other than the Agency’s Board of Governors, it is opposed and can use its veto to counter this process. China believes that when Resolution 2231 expires in the Security Council, no coercive means will be used against Iran, and this is an important axis that was raised in Wang Yi’s speech.
Pointing out that China believes that the parties to the JCPOA should work to draw a new framework for resolving the nuclear issue, he said: “China believes that the Beijing trilateral meeting was held at the right time and that these talks were useful for drawing a new structure and framework. It seems that we should wait for new initiatives from China and in cooperation with relevant countries to draw this framework for the nuclear negotiations, which, of course, is the JCPOA itself.”
Referring to China’s criticism of Trump’s positions, especially that on the one hand, he is writing to Iran for negotiations and on the other hand, he has raised the maximum pressure stick, this expert on China issues said: The Chinese assessed Trump’s behavior as a very contradictory a and emphasized that following this trend is not in the interest of resolving the nuclear issue. Therefore, the Chinese are looking for alternative methods. Thus, if Iran can use China and Russia, along with the capacity of European countries, and design new initiatives based on the legal frameworks in the JCPOA, these initiatives can be implemented with the support of China and Russia.
He clarified: “Currently, European countries are economically and politically weak; Russia has also faced and is suffering many losses in the Ukraine issue and has now started consultations with the United States in this regard. Therefore, the country that has the initiative and is economically leading is China. Beijing can guarantee Iran without the pressure of the United States.”
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